Phosmid Injection
Cyclophosphamide
1000mg
Neon Laboratories Ltd
| Pack size | |
|---|---|
| Dispensing mode | |
| Source | |
| Agent | |
| Retail Price | 126.40 NPR |
Available as:
Indications
Phosmid Injection is used for:
Bone marrow transplantation, malignancies, lymphomas, brain cancer, leukemia, systemic lupus erythematosus, minimal change disease, severe rheumatoid arthritis, wegener's granulomatosis, multiple sclerosis, multiple myeloma, carcinoma of the breast, ovarian carcinoma, neuroblastoma, retinoblastoma.
Adult Dose
Malignant Diseases
IV (intermittent therapy): 40-50 mg/kg (400-1800 mg/m²) divided over 2-5 days; may be repeated at intervals of 2-4 weeks
IV (continuous daily therapy): 60-120 mg/m²/day (1-2.5 mg/kg/day)
PO (intermittent therapy): 400-1000 mg/m² divided over 4-5 days
PO (continuous daily therapy): 50-100 mg/m²/day or 1-5 mg/kg/day
Nephrotic Syndrome
2-3 mg/kg/day for up to 12 weeks when corticosteroids unsuccessful
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
600-1500 mg/m² IV with other antineoplastics (part of CHOP regimen); dose intensification possible
Breast Cancer
600 mg/m² IV with other antineoplastics; dose intensification possible
Child Dose
Malignant Diseases
IV (intermittent therapy): 40-50 mg/kg (400-1800 mg/m²) divided over 2-5 days; may be repeated at intervals of 2-4 weeks
IV (continuous daily therapy): 60-120 mg/m²/day (1-2.5 mg/kg/day)
PO (intermittent therapy): 400-1000 mg/m² divided over 4-5 days
PO (continuous daily therapy): 50-100 mg/m²/day
uvenile Idiopathic Arthritis/Vasculitis
10 mg/kg IV every 2 weeks
Nephrotic Syndrome
2-3 mg/kg/day for up to 12 weeks when corticosteroids unsuccessful
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
500-750 mg/m² IV monthly; not to exceed 1 g/m²
Renal Dose
Administration
Should be taken on an empty stomach. Preferably taken on an empty stomach, but may be taken w/ meals to minimise GI irritation. Ensure adequate fluid intake. Swallow whole.
IV Preparation
Maximum concentration of cyclophosphamide is limited to 20 mg/mL because of solubility
IV push: Reconstitute with NS (do not use SWI, because it is hypotonic)
Infusion: Reconstitute with SWI to concentration of 20 mg/mL
May dilute further with D5W, NS, lactated Ringer solution, or other compatible fluids
IV Administration
Infusions may be administered over 1-2 hours
Doses >500 mg up to ~1 g may be administered over 20-30 minutes
To minimize bladder toxicity, increase normal fluid intake during and for 1-2 days after cyclophosphamide therapy; most adult patients will require fluid intake of at least 2 L/day; high-dose regimens should be accompanied by vigorous hydration with or without mesna therapy
Contra Indications
Bladder haemorrhage. Patients with bone-marrow aplasia, acute infection, drug- or radiation-induced urothelial toxicity. Porphyria. Pregnancy and lactation.
Precautions
Blood disorders. Elderly or debilitated patients. Diabetic patients. Renal or hepatic impairment or who have gone adrenaloctomy. Previous treatment with x-ray or cytotoxic agents. Monitor haematological profile and presence of RBCs in urine regularly. Maintain adequate hydration and frequent micturition to reduce the risk of cystitis.
Lactation: Drug excreted in breast milk; do not nurse
Pregnancy-Lactation
Interactions
Increased risk of cardiotoxicity w/ doxorubicin or other cardiotoxic drugs. May increase incidence of mucositis w/ protease inhibitors. May increase haematotoxicity and/or immunosuppression w/ ACE inhibitors, natalizumab, paclitaxel, thiazide diuretics, zidovudine. May increase pulmonary toxicity w/ amiodarone. May increase nephrotoxicity w/ amphotericin B. May result to acute water intoxication w/ indometacin. May increase risk of hepatotoxicity w/ azathioprine. May increase incidence of hepatic veno-occlusive disease and mucositis w/ busulfan.
May increase risk of haemorrhagic cystitis w/ previous or concomitant radiotherapy. May result to acute encephalopathy w/ metronidazole. May increase risk of thromboembolic complications. May alter the effect of warfarin. May increase immunosuppressive effect of ciclosporin. May result to prolonged apnoea w/ depolarising muscle relaxants (e.g. suxamethonium).
Adverse Effects
Side effects of Cyclophosphamide :
Alopecia, skin and nails hyperpigmentation, nausea and vomiting, mucositis, inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, carbohydrate metabolism disturbances, gonadal suppression, interstitial pulmonary fibrosis.
Potentially Fatal: Anaphylactic reactions, bone marrow failure, severe immunosuppression, urotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, hyponatraemia, haemorrhagic cystitis.
Mechanism of Action
Cyclophosphamide is a prodrug which is converted in the body to the active metabolites. It acts at any stage of the cell cycle but its main action is blockage at the G2 stage. It arrests cell division by alkylating the DNA in a dose-dependent manner. It also exerts immunosuppressive effects possibly due to a cytotoxic effect on lymphocytes.
Note
Phosmid 1000mg Injection manufactured by Neon Laboratories Ltd. Its generic name is Cyclophosphamide. Phosmid is availble in Nepal.
Farmaco Nepal drug index information on Phosmid Injection is not intended for diagnosis, medical advice or treatment; neither intended to be a substitute for the exercise of professional judgment.