Pyralfin Tablet

Pyrimethamine + Sulfadoxine
25mg + 500mg
Lupin Ltd.
Pack size 1
Dispensing mode
Source
Agent
Retail Price 6.05 NPR

Indications

Pyralfin Tablet is used for: Chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria

Adult Dose

Oral Chloroquine resistant falciparum malaria acute attack Adult: Per tab contains pyrimethamine 25 mg and sulfadoxine 500 mg: 2-3 tabs as a single dose. Do not repeat for at least 7 days. Malaria Prophylaxis 1 tablet qWeek OR 2 tablets q2Weeks Hepatic impairment: Dose reduction may be needed. Severe: contra-indicated.

Child Dose

Oral Chloroquine resistant falciparum malaria acute attack Child: Pyrimethamine 25mg + Sulfadoxine 500mg (Tablet): <2 yr (5-10 kg): ½ tab as a single dose; 2-5 yr (>10-20 kg): 1 tab as a single dose; 5-10 yr (< 20-30 kg): 1½ tab as a single dose; 10-14 yr (> 30-45 kg): 2 tab as a single dose. Do not repeat for at least 7 days. Malaria Prophylaxis 5-10 kg: 0.25 tablet 11-20 kg: 0.5 tablet 21-30 kg: 0.75 tablet 31-45 kg: 1 tablet >45 kg: 1.5 tablet

Renal Dose

Renal impairment: Dose reduction may be needed. Severe: contra-indicated.

Administration

Swallow tablet whole with plenty of fluids after a meal Maintain adequate fluid intake to avert crystalluria or stone formation Prophylaxis: take 1st dose 1-2 days before arrival to endemic area, continue throughout stay & 4-6 weeks after return

Contra Indications

Severe renal or hepatic impairment, blood dyscrasias, hypersensitivity to components, megaloblastic anaemia due to folate deficiency, pregnancy at term and during lactation, infants ? 2 mth old.

Precautions

Impaired renal or hepatic function, folate deficiency, severe allergy or bronchial asthma, G6PD deficiency, pregnancy. Take with plenty of water to prevent crystalluria. Avoid excessive exposure to sun. Discontinue at the first sign of rash. Discontinue if signs of folic acid deficiency develops. Regular CBC monitoring, LFT, analysis of urine for crystalluria when admin for > 3 mth. Take with food to minimise Gi effects (e.g. anorexia and vomiting). Lactation: enters breast milk, contraindicated

Pregnancy-Lactation

Interactions

Increased halofantrine and chlorpromazine levels. Increased effects of warfarin. Potentially Fatal: Increased risk of myelosupression with zidovudine, clozapine.

Adverse Effects

Side effects of Pyrimethamine + Sulfadoxine : Urticaria, serum sickness, photosensitisation, arthralgia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, headache, peripheral neuritis, ataxia, tinnitus, vertigo, convulsions, toxic nephrosis and pulmonary infiltrates resembling eosinophilic or allergic alveolitis. Potentially Fatal: Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, fulminant hepatic necrosis, blood dyscrasias, anaphylactoid reactions.

Mechanism of Action

Pyrimethamine, a folic acid antagonist, inhibits the reduction of dihydrofolic acid to tetrahydrofolic acid (folinic acid). Sulfadoxine, a structural analog of p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), competitively inhibits dihydrofolic acid synthesis which is important for PABA conversion to folic acid. This combination results in a synergistic action against susceptible plasmodia. Both have prolonged half-lives enabling single dose admin.

Note

Pyralfin 25mg + 500mg Tablet manufactured by Lupin Ltd.. Its generic name is Pyrimethamine + Sulfadoxine. Pyralfin is availble in Nepal. Farmaco Nepal drug index information on Pyralfin Tablet is not intended for diagnosis, medical advice or treatment; neither intended to be a substitute for the exercise of professional judgment.

Some other brands of Pyrimethamine + Sulfadoxine :