Albumin Human 5%
Indications
Albumin Human 5% is used for:
Burns, Hypovolemia, Hypoalbuminemia, Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Nephrosis, Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery, Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn, Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome
Adult Dose
Adult: Initially, 25 g of albumin, adjusted according to patient's response. Usual rates of infusion: Up to 5 ml/minute (5% solution).
Intravenous Hypoproteinaemia Adult: Up to 2 g/kg daily. Usual rates of infusion: Up to 5 ml/minute (5% solution).
Special Populations: Volume admin and rate of infusion must always be individualised according to situation and response. Usual rates of infusion are up to 5 ml/min (5% soln).
Child Dose
Child: Up to 1 g/kg, adjusted according to patient's response. Usual rates of infusion: Up to 5 ml/minute (5% solution).
Intravenous Neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia Child: 1 g/kg of albumin before exchange transfusion. Usual rates of infusion: Up to 5 ml/minute (5% solution).
Special Populations: Volume admin and rate of infusion must always be individualised according to situation and response. Usual rates of infusion are up to 5 ml/min (5% soln).
Renal Dose
Administration
Contra Indications
Cardiac failure, severe anaemia, history of hypersensitivity, parenteral nutrition.
Precautions
Hypertension or low cardiac reserve; additional fluids for dehydrated patients. Monitor for signs of cardiac overload in injured or postoperative patients. May carry risk of viral transmission. Volume admin and rate of infusion must always be individualised according to situation and response. Pregnancy, lactation.
Lactation: Endogenous albumin found in breast milk; compatible.
Pregnancy-Lactation
Interactions
Albumin solution should not be mixed by protein hydrolysates or alcoholic solutions. Risk of atypical reactions to ACE inhibitors in patients undergoing therapeutic plasma exchange with albumin human replacement.
Adverse Effects
Side effects of Albumin Human 5% :
Allergic reactions, nausea, vomiting, increased salivation, fever and chills; vascular overload, haemodilution and pulmonary oedema.
Potentially Fatal: Anaphylactic shock.
Mechanism of Action
Human albumin increases intravascular oncotic pressure and causes movement of fluids from interstitial into intravascular space. Human albumin solutions are available in various concentrations. Solutions containing 5% human albumin are usually used in hypovolemic patients, whereas more concentrated 25% solutions are recommended in patients in whom fluid and sodium intake must be minimised e.g. patients with hypoproteinaemia or cerebral oedema or in paediatric patients.