Artemether + Lumefantrine
Indications
Artemether + Lumefantrine is used for:
Acute uncomplicated malaria, Falciparum malaria
Adult Dose
Oral
Adults (weighing 35 kg and above): Administer 24 tablets over 3 days; use a 3-day treatment schedule with total of 6 doses.
Day 1: 4 tablets initially and 4 tablets again after 8 hours.
Days 2 & 3: 4 tablets BID (morning & evening).
Child Dose
Oral
Children (weighing 35 kg and above or more than 12 years of age): Administer 24 tablets over 3 days; use a 3-day treatment schedule with total of 6 doses.
Day 1: 4 tablets initially and 4 tablets again after 8 hours.
Days 2 & 3: 4 tablets BID (morning & evening).
Children: < 12 years
5 to <15 kg: Administer 6 tablets over 3 days; 1 tablet initially and again after 8 hours on first day; follow by 1 tablet BID (morning & evening) for the next 2 days.
15 to <25 kg: Administer 12 tablets over 3 days; 2 tablets initially and again after 8 hours on first day; follow by 2 tablets BID (morning & evening) for the next 2 days.
25 to <35 kg: Administer 18 tablets over 3 days; 3 tablets initially and again after 8 hr on 1st day; follow by 3 tablets BID (morning & evening) for the next 2 days.
Renal Dose
Administration
Should be taken with food.
Contra Indications
Hypersensitivity.
Precautions
Pregnancy and lactation. Avoid concomitant use of drugs known to prolong QT interval or monitor such patients.
Lactation: not known if either component enters breast milk, use caution
Pregnancy-Lactation
Interactions
Artemether causes QT prolongation in some patients. Thus concomitant use of erythromycin, terfenadine, procainamide, quinidine, disopyramide, amiodarone, bretylium, bepridil, sotalol, astemizole, probucol, tricyclic antidepressants, phenothiazines may be avoided.
Adverse Effects
Side effects of Artemether + Lumefantrine :
>10%
Abdominal pain (17%),Anorexia (40%),Arthralgia (34%),Asthenia (38%),Chills (23%),Dizziness (39%),Fatigue (17%),Headache (56%),Myalgia (32%),Nausea (26%),Palpitations (18%),Pyrexia (25%),Sleep disorder (22%),Vomiting(17%)
1-10%
Anemia (4%),Cough (6%),Diarrhea (7%),Hepatomegaly (9%),Malaise (3%),Nasopharyngitis (3%),Pruritus (4%),Rash (3%),Splenomegaly (9%),Vertigo (3%)
Mechanism of Action
Artemether is a potent and rapidly acting blood schizontocide. Artemether and active metabolite (DHA): via endoperoxide.
Lumefantrine: unknown; possibly inhibits beta-hematin formation
Both artemether and lumentantrine inhibit nucleic acid and protein synthesis