Ceftibuten

Indications

Ceftibuten is used for: Respiratory tract infections, Urinary tract infections

Adult Dose

Oral Respiratory tract infections, Urinary tract infections Adult: 400 mg once daily for 10 days.

Child Dose

Child: <6 months: Safety and efficacy not established 6-12 years old or <45 kg: 9 mg/kg PO qDay; 400 mg/day PO for 10 days maximum >12 years old or >45 kg: As in adults

Renal Dose

Renal impairment: CrCl (ml/min) 30-49 200 mg once daily. 5-29 100 mg once daily.

Administration

Susp: Should be taken on an empty stomach. Take 2 hr before or 1 hr after meals. Cap: May be taken with or without food.

Contra Indications

Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins.

Precautions

Hypersensitivity to penicillins; renal impairment; Porphyria. Monitor renal and haematologic status. Lactation: excretion in milk unknown; use with caution

Pregnancy-Lactation

Interactions

Enhanced nephrotoxicity of aminoglycosides. Increased serum concentration w/ probenecid. Decreased serum concentration w/ zinc salts.

Adverse Effects

Side effects of Ceftibuten : 1-10% Increased BUN (4%),Nausea (4%),Diarrhea (3%),Headache (3%),Increased eosinophils (3%),Decreased hemoglobin (2%),Dyspepsia (2%),Thrombocytosis (2%),Abdominal pain (1%),Dizziness (1%),Increased ALT (1%),Increased bilirubin (1%),Vomiting (1%) <1% Anorexia,Candidiasis,Constipation,Dysuria,Agitation,Fatigue,Insomnia,Irritability,Paresthesia,Rigors,Diaper rash,Urticaria,Dry mouth,Dyspnea,Nasal congestion,Increased transaminases,Increased creatinine,Leukopenia Potentially Fatal: Pseudomembranous colitis.

Mechanism of Action

Ceftibuten inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis. It is stable to hydrolysis by many beta-lactamases and has greater activity than 1st or 2nd generation cephalosporins against gm-ve bacteria. It is less active in vitro than cefexime against S. pneumoniae.