Chloramphenicol 0.5% + Dexamethasone 0.1% Eye/Ear drop
Indications
Chloramphenicol 0.5% + Dexamethasone 0.1% Eye/Ear drop is used for:
Allergic conjunctivitis, Acute purulent conjunctivitis, Corneal ulceration, Keratitis disciformis, Post-herpetic keratitis, Allergic blepharitis, Acute and chronic iritis, Iridocyclitis, Otitis externa, infective and inflammatory ear infections.
Adult Dose
Ocular infections Adult: Instill 1 drop of asolution every 2 hr. Increase dosage interval upon improvement. To continue treatment for at least 48 hr after complete healing.
Otic/Aural Otitis externa Adult: Instill 2-3 drops into the ear bid-tid.
Child Dose
Renal Dose
Administration
Contra Indications
History of hypersensitivity or toxic reaction to the drug; Perforated ear drum. Herpes simplex and other virul conditions of the eye or ear, mycosis.
Precautions
Avoid prolonged use. Discontinue immediately if local hypersensitivity reactions occur.
Pregnancy-Lactation
Interactions
Decreased effects of iron and vitamin B12 in anaemic patients. Phenobarbitone and rifampin reduce efficacy of chloramphenicol. Impairs the action of oral contraceptives.
Potentially Fatal: Increases the effect of oral anticoagulants, oral hypoglycaemic agents, phenytoin. Avoid concomitant administration with drugs that depress bone marrow function.
Adverse Effects
Side effects of Chloramphenicol 0.5% + Dexamethasone 0.1% Eye/Ear drop :
Ophthalmic application: Hypersensitivity reactions including rashes, fever and angioedema.
Ear drops: Ototoxicity.
Mechanism of Action
Dexamethasone is a synthetic glucocorticoid which decreases inflammation by inhibiting the migration of leukocytes and reversal of increased capillary permeability. It suppresses normal immune response.
Chloramphenicol inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to 50s subunit of the bacterial ribosome, thus preventing peptide bond formation by peptidyl transferase. It has both bacteriostatic and bactericidal action against H. influenzae, N. meningitidis and S. pneumoniae.