Iodixanol
Indications
Iodixanol is used for:
Radiographic contrast medium for diagnostic procedures
Adult Dose
Iodixanol 320
Intra-arterial administration (arteriography)
Carotid arteries: 10-14 mL
Verterbral arteries: 10-12 mL
Right coronary artery: 3-8 mL
Left coronary artery: 3-10 mL
Left ventricle: 20-45 mL
Renal arteries: 8-18 mL
Aortography: 30-70 mL
Major aorta branch: 10-70 mL
Peripheral arteries: 15-30 mL
Aortofermoral runoffs: 20-90 mL
Intra-arterial administration (IA-DSA)
Carotid or vertebral arteries: 5-8 mL
Aortography: 10-50 mL
Major aorta branch: 2-10 mL
Aortofemoral runoffs: 6-15 mL
Peripheral arteries: 3-15 mL
IV administration
CECT of head or body: 75-150 mL bolus, then 100-150 mL infusion not to exceed 150 mL
Excretory urography: 1 mL/kg, not to exceed 100 mL
Venography: 50-150 mL per lower extremity
Iodixanol 270
Intra-arterial administration (IA-DSA)
Renal arteries: 10-25 mL
Aortography: 20-50 mL
Major aorta branches: 5-30 mL
IV administration
CECT of head or body: 75-150 mL bolus, then 100-150 mL infusion; not to exceed 150 mL
Excretory urography: 1 mL/kg; not to exceed 100 mL for normal renal function
Venography (per lower extremity): 50-150 mL; not to exceed 250 mL
Child Dose
Intra-arterial administration
Iodixanol 320
1-12 years
Cerebral, cardiac chambers and related major arteries, and visceral studies: 1-2 mL/kg; not to exceed 4 mL/kg
>12 years
Carotid arteries: 10-14 mL
Verterbral arteries: 10-12 mL
Right coronary artery: 3-8 mL
Left coronary artery: 3-10 mL
Left ventricle: 20-45 mL
Renal arteries: 8-18 mL
Aortography: 30-70 mL
Major aorta branch: 10-70 mL
Peripheral arteries: 15-30 mL
Aortofermoral runoffs: 20-90 mL
Intra-arterial administration (IA-DSA)
Iodixanol 320
>12 years
Carotid or vertebral arteries: 5-8 mL
Aortography: 10-50 mL
Major aorta branch: 2-10 mL
Aortofemoral runoffs: 6-15 mL
Peripheral arteries: 3-15 mL
IV administration
Iodixanol 320
>12 years
CECT of head or body: 75-150 mL bolus, then 100-150 mL infusion not to exceed 150 mL
Excretory urography: 1 mL/kg, not to exceed 100 mL
Venography: 50-150 mL per lower extremity
Intra-arterial administration (IA-DSA)
Iodixanol 270
1-12 years
CECT or excretory urography: 1-2 mL/kg; not to exceed 2 mL/kg
>12 years
Renal arteries: 10-25 mL
Aortography: 20-50 mL
Major aorta branches: 5-30 mL
IV administration
Iodixanol 270
>12 years
CECT of head or body: 75-150 mL bolus, then 100-150 mL infusion; not to exceed 150 mL
Excretory urography: 1 mL/kg; not to exceed 100 mL for normal renal function
Venography (per lower extremity): 50-150 mL; not to exceed 250 mL
Renal Dose
Administration
Contra Indications
In the pediatric population prolonged fasting and the administration of a laxative before injection are contraindicated.
Precautions
Maintain adequate hydration
Use caution in renal/hepatic impairment, cardiovascular disease, multiple myeloma, pheochromocytoma, sickle cell disease, elderly patients, and thyroid dysfunction
Increased risk of adverse effects including heart disease, renal dysfunction, asthma patients, and sensitivity to allergens or medications
Lactation: Excretion in breast millk unknown; not recmmended
Pregnancy-Lactation
Interactions
Adverse Effects
Side effects of Iodixanol :
Body as a Whole—General Disorders: back pain, fatigue, malaise.
Cardiovascular Disorders: arrhythmias, cardiac failure, conduction abnormalities, hypotension, myocardial infarction.
Nervous System: cerebral vascular disorder, convulsions, hypoesthesia, stupor, confusion.
Gastrointestinal System Disorders: dyspepsia.
Hypersensitivity Disorders: pharyngeal edema.
Respiratory System Disorders: asthma, bronchitis, dyspnea, pulmonary edema, rhinitis.
Renal System Disorders: abnormal renal function, acute renal failure, hematuria.
Peripheral Vascular Disorders: flushing, peripheral ischemia.
Skin and Appendage Disorders: hematoma, increased sweating.
Special Senses, Other Disorders: tinnitus.
Vision Disorders: abnormal vision.
Mechanism of Action
Dimeric, isosmolar, nonionic, water-soluble, iodinated x-ray contrast agent for intravascular administration; opacifies vessels within path of flow, thereby permitting radiographic visualization of internal structures until significant dilution and elimination occurs.