Mannitol + Glycerin
Indications
Mannitol + Glycerin is used for:
Used in the treatment of cerebral edema.
Adult Dose
Intravenous
The general dose range is 50 to 200 g mannitol (500 ml to 2000 ml/day) in a 24 hour period, with a dosage limit of 50 g (500ml mannitol) on any one occasion.
In most instances, adequate response will be achieved at a dosage of 50 to 100 g mannitol/day (500 ml to 1000 ml /day).
The rate of administration is usually adjusted to maintain a urine flow of at least 30-50 ml/hour.
Only in emergency situations, the maximum infusion rate can be as high as 200 mg/kg infused over 5 minutes (see also test dose). After 5 minutes, the infusion rate should be readjusted to maintain a urine flow of at least 30-50 ml/hour, with a maximal dose of 200 g/24h.
Child Dose
Renal Dose
Administration
Contra Indications
Pulmonary congestion or oedema; intracranial bleeding; CHF; metabolic oedema with abnormal capillary fragility; anuria due to severe renal disease; severe dehydration.
Precautions
Hypervolaemia; urinary tract obstruction; check for signs of fluid and electrolyte imbalance. Should not be administered with whole blood. Pregnancy, lactation.
Pregnancy-Lactation
Interactions
Adverse Effects
Side effects of Mannitol + Glycerin :
Fluid and electrolyte imbalance; acidosis (with high doses). Nausea, vomiting, thirst; headache, dizziness, convulsions, chills, fever; tachycardia, chest pain; blurred vision; urticaria and hypotension or hypertension; acute renal failure; skin necrosis; thrombophloebitis.
Mechanism of Action
Mannitol increases urinary output by inhibiting tubular reabsorption of water and electrolytes. It raises the osmotic pressure of the plasma allowing water to be drawn out of body tissues.
Glycerin prevents the swelling from coming back which may possibly occur with plain Mannitol.