Tetanus toxoid (Absorbed Tetanus) Vaccine

Tetanus toxoid (Absorbed Tetanus) Vaccine is used for: Active immunisation against tetanus, Postexposure prophylaxis of tetanus

Primary immunization for persons 7 years of age and older: A series of three doses of 0.5 ml each, of adsorbed tetanus vaccine should be given intramuscularly; First dose: At appropriate date, Second dose: 4 to 8 weeks after the first dose, Third dose: 6 to 12 months after the second dose. Children older than 7 years who did not complete primary immunization series (e.g., previously received only two doses of DTaP or DTP) need to receive only one dose of tetanus toxoid adsorbed vaccine to complete the primary series of tetanus. Interruption of the recommended schedule with a delay between doses does not interfere with the final immunity achieved with adsorbed tetanus vaccine. There is no need to start the series over again, regardless of the time elapsed between doses. Routine booster injections: To maintain adequate protection, a booster dose of 0.5 ml of adsorbed tetanus vaccine every 10 years thereafter is recommended. Vaccination of injured persons: Clean and minor wound: • If primary immunization confirmed and receiving booster dose within previous 5 years, no need of additional vaccine. • If primary immunization confirmed and receiving booster dose more than previous 5 years, 1 dose of 0.5 ml required. All other dirty wounds (contaminated with feces, soil, and saliva): • If primary immunization confirmed and receiving booster dose within previous 5 years, 1 dose of 0.5 ml required. • If primary immunization confirmed and receiving booster dose more than previous 5 years, 1 dose of 0.5 ml along with tetanus immunoglobulin required. If a person has no previous vaccination or uncertain, the primary series of 3 doses of 0.5ml adsorbed tetanus vaccine should be given along with tetanus immunoglobulin with 1st dose. Protection of neonatal tetanus For prevention of neonatal tetanus, adsorbed tetanus vaccine is recommended for immunization of women of childbearing age. For pregnant woman who have not had previous immunization, 2 doses of tetanus toxoid at four weeks interval preferably during the last two trimester or at least 2 weeks before delivery should be given during pregnancy so that protective antibody would be transferred to the infant in order to prevent neonatal tetanus. e.g. 1 dose of 0.5 ml at 6th month of pregnancy and 1 dose of 0.5 ml at 7th month of pregnancy. Pregnant woman who have completed the course of tetanus, next 10 years no need of additional dose during pregnancy. Thereafter a single booster dose would be sufficient to extend immunity.

Primary immunization for persons 7 years of age and older: A series of three doses of 0.5 ml each, of adsorbed tetanus vaccine should be given intramuscularly; First dose: At appropriate date, Second dose: 4 to 8 weeks after the first dose, Third dose: 6 to 12 months after the second dose. Children older than 7 years who did not complete primary immunization series (e.g., previously received only two doses of DTaP or DTP) need to receive only one dose of tetanus toxoid adsorbed vaccine to complete the primary series of tetanus. Interruption of the recommended schedule with a delay between doses does not interfere with the final immunity achieved with adsorbed tetanus vaccine. There is no need to start the series over again, regardless of the time elapsed between doses. Routine booster injections: To maintain adequate protection, a booster dose of 0.5 ml of adsorbed tetanus vaccine every 10 years thereafter is recommended. Vaccination of injured persons: Clean and minor wound: • If primary immunization confirmed and receiving booster dose within previous 5 years, no need of additional vaccine. • If primary immunization confirmed and receiving booster dose more than previous 5 years, 1 dose of 0.5 ml required. All other dirty wounds (contaminated with feces, soil, and saliva): • If primary immunization confirmed and receiving booster dose within previous 5 years, 1 dose of 0.5 ml required. • If primary immunization confirmed and receiving booster dose more than previous 5 years, 1 dose of 0.5 ml along with tetanus immunoglobulin required. If a person has no previous vaccination or uncertain, the primary series of 3 doses of 0.5ml adsorbed tetanus vaccine should be given along with tetanus immunoglobulin with 1st dose. Protection of neonatal tetanus For prevention of neonatal tetanus, adsorbed tetanus vaccine is recommended for immunization of women of childbearing age.

IM injection only. Do not administer IV. Use subcutaneous route in bleeding disorders. Adults and older children should be given IM in deltoid muscle. For infants should be given IM in anterior lateral aspect of the upper thigh. Shouldnot be given in gluteal areas.

It is a contraindication to use this or any other related vaccine after a serious adverse event temporally associated with a previous dose including an anaphylactic reaction. A history of systemic allergic or neurologic reactions following a previous dose of Tetanus Toxoid is an absolute contraindication for further use. If a contraindication to using tetanus toxoid -containing preparations exists in a person who has not completed a primary immunizing course of tetanus toxoid and other than a clean, minor wound is sustained; only passive immunization should be given using TIG (Human). Elective immunization should be deferred during the course of any febrile illness or acute infection. A minor afebrile illness such as a mild upper respiratory infection should not preclude immunization. Elective immunization procedures should be deferred during an outbreak of poliomyelitis.

Withhold vaccination in moderate or severe febrile illness. Pregnancy, lactation, history of Guillian-Barre syndrome.

Tetanus toxoid has been assigned to pregnancy category C by the FDA. Animal studies have not been reported. There are no controlled data in human pregnancy. Tetanus toxoid is only recommended for use during pregnancy when benefit outweighs risk. For prevention of neonatal tetanus, adsorbed tetanus vaccine is recommended for immunization of women of childbearing age and specially in pregnancy.

Decreased immunologic response with concurrent immunosuppressants. Neutralisation of tetanus immune globulin and tetanus toxoid adsorbed if not given at different sites using different syringes.

Side effects of Tetanus toxoid (Absorbed Tetanus) Vaccine : Mild inj site reactions eg transient swelling, rash, fever, malaise, tiredness, nausea, vomiting, arthralgias, pruritus, dizziness. Potentially Fatal: Anaphylactic reactions.

Tetanus toxoid adsorbed induces active immunity to the tetanus antigen by stimulating the immune system to produce specific antitoxin. They are not indicated for the treatment of active tetanus infection.