Cefotaxime + Sulbactam

Indications

Cefotaxime + Sulbactam is used for: Genitourinary infections, Lower respiratory tract infections

Adult Dose

Oral Genitourinary infections, Lower respiratory tract infections Adult: Mild to moderate infections: 1/0.5 g to 2/1 g of cefotaxime/sulbactam every 8-12 hrs. Moderate to severe infections: 1/0.5 g to 2/1 g of cefotaxime/sulbactam every 6-8 hrs. Max (sulbactam): 4 g.

Child Dose

Oral Genitourinary infections, Lower respiratory tract infections Child: 100/50 mg to 150/75 mg of cefotaxime/sulbactam /kg/day in 3 divided doses. Life-threatening infections: Dose of cefotaxime may be increased up to 12 g/day. Max Dosage: Max (sulbactam): Sulbactam: Adult: 4 g. Child: 80 mg/kg/day in divided doses.

Renal Dose

Renal impairment: Dose adjustment may be needed.

Administration

Contra Indications

Hypersensitivity to cefotaxime, sulbactam or the combination.

Precautions

Previous hypersensitivity to penicillins or other drugs; patients with renal insufficiency; history of GI disease, esp colitis. Pregnancy and lactation.

Pregnancy-Lactation

Interactions

Adverse Effects

Side effects of Cefotaxime + Sulbactam : Skin rash, diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting and colitis.

Mechanism of Action

Cefotaxime is a bactericidal drug, which inhibits the bacterial wall synthesis of the actively dividing cells by binding to one or more penicillin-binding proteins. Sulbactam is a semisynthetic beta-lactam sulphone, which inhibits beta-lactamases of the Richmond types II, III, IV and V (plasmid or chromosomally mediated). This inhibition is reported to be both reversible and irreversible. It acts as a suicide inhibitor by forming a reversible inactive enzyme-sulbactam complex. This reversible acyl-intermediate may then revert to a more stable complex, which irreversibly inhibits the beta-lactamase. Sulbactam is able to protect the activity of various β-lactam antibiotics by rendering β-lactamases inactive.