Ceftriaxone + Tazobactam

Indications

Ceftriaxone + Tazobactam is used for: Bacterial meningitis, Bone and joint infections, Community-acquired pneumonia, Intra-abdominal infections, Lower respiratory tract infections, Pelvic inflammatory disease, Uncomplicated gonorrhoea, Skin and skin structure infections, Bacterial septicaemia, Urinary tract infections

Adult Dose

Intravenous Bacterial meningitis, Bone and joint infections, Community-acquired pneumonia, Intra-abdominal infections, Lower respiratory tract infections, Pelvic inflammatory disease, Uncomplicated gonorrhoea, Skin and skin structure infections, Bacterial septicaemia, Urinary tract infections Adult: Expressed in terms of ceftriazone/tazobactam: 1000/125 mg once daily or in equally divided doses twice a day. Total daily dose should not exceed 4 g of ceftriaxone. Continue treatment for at least 2 days after the signs and symptoms have resolved. Usual duration: 7-14 days; longer treatment may be needed in more serious infections. For Streptococci pyogenes infections, treatment should continue for at least 10 days.

Child Dose

Intravenous Bacterial meningitis, Bone and joint infections, Community-acquired pneumonia, Intra-abdominal infections, Lower respiratory tract infections, Pelvic inflammatory disease, Uncomplicated gonorrhoea, Skin and skin structure infections, Bacterial septicaemia, Urinary tract infections Child: Expressed in terms of ceftriaxone: Serious infections: 50-75 mg/kg/day, given in divided doses every 12 hr. Total daily dose should not exceed 2 g of ceftriaxone. Continue treatment for at least 2 days after the signs and symptoms have resolved. Usual duration: 7-14 days; longer treatment may be needed in more serious infections. For Streptococci pyogenes infections, treatment should continue for at least 10 days.

Renal Dose

Administration

Contra Indications

Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins and beta-lactamase inhibitors.

Precautions

History of penicillin allergy; lactation. Consider possibility of pseudomembranous colitis in patients who present with diarrhoea subsequent to the admin of antibacterial agents. Monitor prothrombin time in patients with impaired vit K synthesis or low vit K stores during treatment. Prolonged treatment may result in overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms. Caution in patients with a history of GI disease, especially colitis. Discontinue treatment in patients who develop signs/symptoms suggestive of gallbladder disease. Not to be used in hyperbilirubinemic neonates, especially prematures.

Pregnancy-Lactation

Interactions

Probenecid; aminoglycosides; vecuronium, methotrexate; oral anticoagulants; heparin. Potentially Fatal: Disulfiram-like reaction with alcohol. Nephrotoxicity with aminoglycosides and furosemide.

Adverse Effects

Side effects of Ceftriaxone + Tazobactam : Superinfection; anaphylaxis; diarrhoea; local reactions; blood dyscrasias; rash, fever, pruritus; elevated transaminases and alkaline phosphatase. GI effects; pseudomembranous colitis; hematologic effects; hypersensitivity reactions; CNS disturbances; hypertension; chest pain; edema; moniliasis; rhinitis; dyspnea; hypotension; ileus; syncope; local Inj site reactions; rigors. Potentially Fatal: Pseudomembranous colitis; nephrotoxicity.

Mechanism of Action

Ceftriaxone interferes with the biosynthesis of the peptidoglycan component of the bacterial cell way by binding to and inactivating penicllin-binding proteins (PBPs). Tazobactam is a penicillanic acid sulfone derivative with β-lactamase inhibitory properties. It enhances the activity of β-lactam antibacterials against beta-lactamase-producing bacteria.